19 August 2020: Database Analysis
A Predictive Nomogram for Early Mortality in Stage IV Gastric Cancer
Yuqian Feng 1ACDE* , Kaibo Guo 1ABDE* , Huimin Jin 1BC , Yuying Xiang 1D , Yiting Zhang 1E , Shanming Ruan 2AFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.923931
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923931
Table 1 Univariable logistic regression for analyzing the risk factors for early death.
| Factors | Patients no.(%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No early death | Total early death | Cancer-specific early death | Non-cancer-specific early death | |||
| ≤55 | 2040 (33.42) | 1022 (20.72) | 992 (21.12) | 30 (12.77) | ||
| 56–65 | 1793 (29.37) | 1181 (23.95) | 1126 (23.97) | 55 (23.40) | ||
| 66–75 | 1365 (22.36) | 1203 (24.39) | 1134 (24.14) | 69 (29.36) | ||
| ≥76 | 906 (14.84) | 1526 (30.94) | 1445 (30.76) | 81 (34.47) | ||
| White | 4382 (71.79) | 3529 (71.55) | 3362 (71.58) | 167 (71.06) | ||
| Black | 766 (12.55) | 717 (14.54) | 677 (14.41) | 40 (17.02) | ||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 863 (14.14) | 603 (12.23) | 576 (12.26) | 27 (11.49) | ||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 69 (1.13) | 66 (1.34) | 65 (1.38) | 1 (0.43) | ||
| Unknown | 24 (0.39) | 17 (0.34) | 17 (0.36) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| Female | 2176 (35.65) | 1779 (36.07) | 1697 (36.13) | 82 (34.89) | ||
| Male | 3928 (64.35) | 3153 (63.93) | 3000 (63.87) | 153 (65.11) | ||
| Unmarried | 2086 (34.17) | 2228 (45.17) | 2120 (45.14) | 108 (45.96) | ||
| Married | 3718 (60.91) | 2490 (50.49) | 2375 (50.56) | 115 (48.94) | ||
| Unknown | 300 (4.91) | 214 (4.34) | 202 (4.30) | 12 (5.11) | ||
| Uninsured | 280 (4.59) | 290 (5.88) | 284 (6.05) | 6 (2.55) | ||
| Insured | 5706 (93.48) | 4520 (91.65) | 4300 (91.55) | 220 (93.62) | ||
| Unknown | 118 (1.93) | 122 (2.47) | 113 (2.41) | 9 (3.83) | ||
| Non-cardia | 2912 (47.71) | 2387 (48.40) | 2270 (48.33) | 117 (49.79) | ||
| Cardia | 2194 (35.94) | 1364 (27.66) | 1300 (27.68) | 64 (27.23) | ||
| Unknown | 998 (16.35) | 1181 (23.95) | 1127 (23.99) | 54 (22.98) | ||
| Adenocarcinoma(exclude signet ring cell) | 4083 (66.89) | 3235 (65.59) | 3078 (65.53) | 157 (66.81) | ||
| Signet ring cell | 1381 (22.62) | 1011 (20.50) | 970 (20.65) | 41 (17.45) | ||
| Others | 640 (10.48) | 686 (13.91) | 649 (13.82) | 37 (15.74) | ||
| 450 (7.37) | 256 (5.19) | 243 (5.17) | 13 (5.53) | |||
| ≥3 | 740 (12.12) | 454 (9.21) | 429 (9.13) | 25 (10.64) | ||
| ≥5 | 717 (11.75) | 447 (9.06) | 428 (9.11) | 19 (8.09) | ||
| ≥7 | 358 (5.87) | 221 (4.48) | 209 (4.45) | 12 (5.11) | ||
| ≥9 | 335 (5.49) | 262 (5.31) | 251 (5.34) | 11 (4.68) | ||
| Unknown | 3504 (57.40) | 3292 (66.75) | 3137 (66.79) | 155 (65.96) | ||
| T1 | 962 (15.76) | 780 (15.82) | 730 (15.54) | 50 (21.28) | ||
| T2 | 333 (5.46) | 168 (3.41) | 162 (3.45) | 6 (2.55) | ||
| T3 | 1029 (16.86) | 454 (9.21) | 431 (9.18) | 23 (9.79) | ||
| T4 | 1325 (21.71) | 973 (19.73) | 931 (19.82) | 42 (17.87) | ||
| Others | 2455 (40.22) | 2557 (51.85) | 2443 (52.01) | 114 (48.51) | ||
| N0 | 1979 (32.42) | 1860 (37.71) | 1766 (37.60) | 94 (40.00) | ||
| N1 | 2272 (37.22) | 1438 (29.16) | 1368 (29.12) | 70 (29.79) | ||
| N2 | 447 (7.32) | 199 (4.03) | 189 (4.02) | 10 (4.26) | ||
| N3 | 489 (8.01) | 219 (4.44) | 210 (4.47) | 9 (3.83) | ||
| Others | 917 (15.02) | 1216 (24.66) | 1164 (24.78) | 52 (22.13) | ||
| I | 125 (2.05) | 55 (1.12) | 52 (1.11) | 3 (1.28) | ||
| II | 1166 (19.10) | 714 (14.48) | 667 (14.20) | 47 (20.00) | ||
| III | 3494 (57.24) | 2698 (54.70) | 2593 (55.21) | 105 (44.68) | ||
| IV | 68 (1.11) | 76 (1.54) | 74 (1.58) | 2 (0.85) | ||
| Others | 1251 (20.49) | 1389 (28.16) | 1311 (27.91) | 78 (33.19) | ||
| Yes | 2392 (39.19) | 2351 (47.67) | 2231 (47.50) | 120 (51.06) | ||
| No | 3464 (56.75) | 2372 (48.09) | 2268 (48.29) | 104 (44.26) | ||
| Others | 248 (4.06) | 209 (4.24) | 198 (4.22) | 11 (4.68) | ||
| Yes | 751 (12.30) | 873 (17.70) | 825 (17.56) | 48 (20.43) | ||
| No | 5028 (82.37) | 3720 (75.43) | 3547 (75.52) | 173 (73.62) | ||
| Others | 325 (5.32) | 339 (6.87) | 325 (6.92) | 14 (5.96) | ||
| Bone metastases | ||||||
| Yes | 672 (11.01) | 741 (15.02) | 714 (15.20) | 27 (11.49) | ||
| No | 5144 (84.27) | 3881 (78.69) | 3690 (78.56) | 191 (81.28) | ||
| Others | 288 (4.72) | 310 (6.29) | 293 (6.24) | 17 (7.23) | ||
| Yes | 89 (1.46) | 128 (2.60) | 126 (2.68) | 2 (0.85) | ||
| No | 5705 (93.46) | 4468 (90.59) | 4254 (90.57) | 214 (91.06) | ||
| Others | 310 (5.08) | 336 (6.81) | 317 (6.75) | 19 (8.09) | ||
| Yes | 861 (14.11) | 275 (5.58) | 254 (5.41) | 21 (8.94) | ||
| No | 123 (2.02) | 133 (2.70) | 128 (2.73) | 5 (2.13) | ||
| Unknown | 5120 (83.88) | 4524 (91.73) | 4315 (91.87) | 209 (88.94) | ||
| Ref – reference; OR – odds ratio; NA – not available. | ||||||
| Factors | Total early death | Cancer-specific early death | Non-cancer-specific early death | |||
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR(95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| ≤55 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| 56–65 | 1.315 (1.184–1.461) | 0.889 (0.771–1.024) | 0.103 | 1.904 (1.226–3.014) | 0.005 | |
| 66–75 | 1.759 (1.579–1.960) | 0.981 (0.845–1.140) | 0.802 | 2.791 (1.183–4.357) | ||
| ≥76 | 3.362 (3.009–3.759) | 1.474 (1.249–1.743) | 3.482 (2.309–5.391) | |||
| White | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| Black | 1.162 (1.040–1.299) | 0.008 | 1.030 (0.876–1.216) | 0.726 | 1.285 (0.895–1.803) | 0.159 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 0.868 (0.775–0.971) | 0.014 | 0.860 (0.737–1.007) | 0.058 | 0.870 (0.565–1.288) | 0.506 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1.188 (0.844–1.670) | 0.322 | 1.598 (0.919–3.060) | 0.123 | 0.346 (0.020–1.558) | 0.292 |
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Female | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| Male | 0.982 (0.908–1.062) | 0.646 | 0.913 (0.814–1.023) | 0.12 | 1.043 (0.798–1.373) | 0.76 |
| Unmarried | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| Married | 0.627 (0.580–0.678) | 0.863 (0.769–0.967) | 0.012 | 0.735 (0.564–0.959) | 0.023 | |
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Uninsured | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| Insured | 0.765 (0.646–0.905) | 0.002 | 0.923 (0.712–1.179) | 0.533 | 2.067 (1.000–5.261) | 0.081 |
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Non-cardia | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| Cardia | 0.758 (0.695–0.827) | 0.998 (0.885–1.127) | 0.98 | 0.811 (0.593–1.099) | 0.183 | |
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Adenocarcinoma(exclude signet ring cell) | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| Signet ring cell | 0.924 (0.841–1.014) | 0.097 | 1.187 (1.035–1.366) | 0.015 | 0.795 (0.555–1.114) | 0.196 |
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | |
| ≥3 | 1.078 (0.890–1.309) | 0.443 | 1.288 (1.015–1.631) | 0.036 | 1.140 (0.589–2.310) | 0.704 |
| ≥5 | 1.096 (0.903–1.331) | 0.354 | 1.416 (1.111–1.802) | 0.005 | 0.885 (0.438–1.844) | 0.736 |
| ≥7 | 1.085 (0.864–1.362) | 0.481 | 1.455 (1.090–1.951) | 0.012 | 1.128 (0.503–2.506) | 0.765 |
| ≥9 | 1.375 (1.100–1.718) | 0.005 | 1.787 (1.326–2.426) | 1.001 (0.436–2.254) | 0.999 | |
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| T1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| T2 | 0.622 (0.505–0.765) | 0.710 (0.545–0.933) | 0.0126 | 0.410 (0.157–0.889) | 0.041 | |
| T3 | 0.544 (0.470–0.629) | 0.712 (0.587–0.863) | 0.533 (0.318–0.867) | 0.013 | ||
| T4 | 0.906 (0.799–1.027) | 0.122 | 1.024 (0.850–1.231) | 0.804 | 0.630 (0.414–0.953) | 0.029 |
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| N0 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| N1 | 0.673 (0.614–0.738) | 0.921 (0.808–1.050) | 0.22 | 0.766 (0.559–1.046) | 0.095 | |
| N2 | 0.474 (0.396–0.565) | 0.587 (0.476–0.728) | 0.626 (0.305–1.150) | 0.163 | ||
| N3 | 0.477 (0.401–0.565) | 0.696 (0.564–0.865) | 0.513 (0.240–0.966) | 0.057 | ||
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| I | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| II | 1.392 (1.005–1.950) | 0.05 | 1.715 (1.187–2.437) | 0.003 | 1.513 (0.547–6.272) | 0.491 |
| III | 1.755 (1.280–2.437) | 2.237 (1.568–3.134) | 1.018 (0.379–4.163) | 0.976 | ||
| IV | 2.540 (1.616–4.023) | 2.867 (1.555–5.550) | 0.001 | 0.831 (0.108–5.080) | 0.84 | |
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Yes | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| No | 0.697 (0.645–0.753) | 0.822 (0.735–0.920) | 0.699 (0.535–0.911) | 0.008 | ||
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Yes | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| No | 0.636 (0.572–0.708) | 0.797 (0.676–0.935) | 0.006 | 0.662 (0.483–0.925) | 0.013 | |
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Bone metastases | ||||||
| Yes | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| No | 0.684 (0.611–0.766) | 0.561 (0.461–0.677) | 1.110 (0.753–1.704) | 0.616 | ||
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Yes | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| No | 0.545 (0.413–0.714) | 0.760 (0.483–1.142) | 0.209 | 2.310 (0.734–14.004) | 0.241 | |
| Others | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Yes | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 |
| No | 3.385 (2.559–4.485) | 3.132 (2.054–4.986) | 1.058 (0.350–2.624) | 0.911 | ||
| Unknown | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Ref – reference; OR – odds ratio; NA – not available. | ||||||