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02 October 2018 : Case report  Brazil

Three-Dimensional Volume Imaging to Increase the Accuracy of Surgical Management in a Case of Recurrent Chordoma of the Clivus

Challenging differential diagnosis, Rare disease

João Pedro Perez Gomes1ABCEF, José de Ribamar Castro Veloso2BDF, Albina Messias de Almeida M. Altemani3BDF, Carlos Takahiro Chone4BD, João Mauricio Carrasco Altemani5DF, Claudio Fróes de Freitas2DF, Carmen Silvia Passos Lima6DF, Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva1DEF, Andre Luiz Ferreira Costa2ADEFG*

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.911592

Am J Case Rep 2018; 19:1168-1174

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The clivus is a depression in the anterior occipital bone of the skull base, posterior to the dorsum sellae, at the junction with the sphenoid bone. Chordoma is a rare tumor arising from embryonic remnants of the notochord and can be locally aggressive with a tendency to recur. The optimal management of this rare tumor remains controversial. A report of a case of recurrent chordoma of the clivus is presented to illustrate the value of volumetric three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine optimal surgical management.

CASE REPORT: A 53-year-old man presented with pain in the right orbital cavity, right proptosis, swelling of the right cheek, and bilateral loss of vision. He also had adrenal insufficiency. CT and contrast-enhanced (gadolinium) T1-weighted MRI with multiplanar acquisition were performed with volumetric 3-D reconstruction of the tumor, to increase the chances of treatment success. Surgical resection was performed to remove the tumor and reduce the risk of recurrence. Histology of the tumor was consistent with chordoma, supported by positive immunohistochemical staining for S-100 and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).

CONCLUSIONS: This report highlighted the value of 3-D volume imaging in the diagnosis and treatment planning in a rare case of recurrent chordoma of the clivus. Analysis of tumor volume may be an indicator of the efficacy of surgery, complementing the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) system and as a valuable tool to predict treatment outcome.

Keywords: Head and Neck Neoplasms, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923