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22 December 2019 : Clinical Research  

Platelet Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecule 5 (CEACAM5) as a Possible Novel Diagnostic Tool for Evaluation of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Wen Wan1ABCDEF, Yujia Ye1AF, Huawei Wang1BC, Longjun Li1DF, Yajuan Gu1BC, Lai Yang1BD, Lihong Yang1CD, Han Liu1BD, Chao Meng1BC, Deng Li1BCD, Zhe Wang1BC, Zhaohui Meng1ABCDEFG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.918913

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9864-9874

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurs approximately every 40 seconds, and was an underlying cause of death in 1 out of every 7 deaths. More accurate indicators are needed to distinguish patients with ACS from patients manifesting negative changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) and myocardial enzymes. This study aimed to investigate whether the expression of platelet carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule-5 (CEACAM5/CEA/CD66e) could help predict ACS.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled 82 participants (mean age 60 years, 33 females and 49 males). The expression of CEA on washed human platelets was assessed using two-color flow cytometry. The CEA levels on platelets and in serum of these 82 consecutive patients were detected using two-color whole-blood flow cytometry analysis and a custom-made Luminex multiplex assay, respectively.

RESULTS: CEA was expressed on the surface of human platelets. The expression of platelet CEA (P<0.01), but not serum CEA (P=0.30), was significantly higher in patients with ACS compared to patients with normal coronary artery. Increased platelet CEA levels could serve as a new independent indicator for ACS (P=0.0003). Platelet CEA testing (P=0.000002), as well as cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (P=0.0005), can diagnose ACS with high sensitivity and specificity, and, combined with cTnI (P<0.0001), can improve the diagnostic value.

CONCLUSIONS: Platelet CEA expression was higher in individuals presenting with ACS. Hence, platelet CEA might be a novel and reliable biomarker for ACS. Large-scale studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, Biological Markers, Blood Platelets, Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Electrocardiography, Flow Cytometry, GPI-Linked Proteins, serum, troponin I

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750