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09 December 2019 : Clinical Research  

Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor (Anti-PLA2R) Antibody in Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: A Single-Center Observational Study in China

Naifeng Guo1ABF, Yingjie Cao1BE, Houyong Dai1CE, Li Yuan1AD, Lan Shi1CF, Yide Zhang1ACG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.917732

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9364-9368

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to observe the concentration of serum anti-PLA2R antibody in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) patients and analyze its relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We treated 72 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy diagnosed by renal biopsy; all these patients who presented nephrotic syndrome were enrolled for investigation, and then underwent combination therapy with prednisone and cyclosporine A for 6 months. We collected data on 24-h total proteinuria (TUpro), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), and serum albumin (Alb) levels before and after immunosuppressive treatment. Serum anti-PLA2R antibody was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTS: Fifty-six out of 72 IMN patients presented positive serum anti-PLA2R antibody. The titer of anti-PLA2R antibody was significantly correlated with both TUpro and serum Alb levels of pre- and post-therapeutic values in IMN (P<0.05), but did not have a relationship with Ccr (P>0.05). In comparison with the anti-PLA2R antibody-negative group, there were significantly higher TUpro and lower Alb levels in the anti-PLA2R antibody-positive group (P<0.05). However, Ccr was comparatively lower in the anti-PLA2R antibody-positive group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were 24 patients with negative anti-PLA2R antibody and 14 patients had complete remission in the positive anti-PLA2R antibody group, while anti-PLA2R antibody of all 14 patients became negative. Eight out of 16 patients without anti-PLA2R antibody went into complete remission.

CONCLUSIONS: Serum anti-PLA2R antibody, as determined by non-invasive technique, is a specific biomarker for diagnosis of IMN. Our results suggest that serum anti-PLA2R antibody has great potential to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as prognosis determination, in IMN patients.

Keywords: Glomerulonephritis, Membranous, nephrotic syndrome, Receptors, Phospholipase A2, Autoantibodies, Case-Control Studies, Creatinine, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunosuppressive Agents, Proteinuria, Serum Albumin

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750