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08 July 2019 : Clinical Research  

Overexpression of ClC-3 Chloride Channel in Chondrosarcoma: An In Vivo Immunohistochemical Study with Tissue Microarray

Zhiqin Deng12ABCDEFG, Wencui Li2AG, Murad Alahdal2E, Ningfeng Zhang2BC, Junxiong Xie2B, Xiaotian Hu2B, Yang Chen2B, Huankun Fang2BF, Li Duan2A, Liqiang Gu1A, Daping Wang2AG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.917382

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5044-5053

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recently, ClC-3 chloride channel expression has been noted to be high in some tumors. In chondrosarcoma, which is a malignant tumor with a high incidence in the bone, there has been no previous literature regarding ClC-3 chloride channel expression. Here we evaluated the expression of ClC-3 chloride channel in chondrosarcoma and explored its clinical significance.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 75 chondrosarcoma and 5 normal cartilage tissues were collected. Thereafter, tissue microarray was performed. Immunohistochemistry was also used to observe the level of ClC-3 chloride channel expression between normal and chondrosarcoma tissues.

RESULTS: Results showed that the expression of ClC-3 chloride channel in the normal chondrocyte was thinner, since it showed distinct differentiation among chondrosarcoma specimens. Interestingly, we noticed that the moderately-differentiated chondrosarcoma (MDC) and the poorly-differentiated chondrosarcoma (PDC) exhibited 94.44% of ClC-3 chloride channel. Besides, the subcellular localization of ClC-3 chloride channel was changed in association with malignant degree changes. The subcellular localization of ClC-3 chloride channel in the MDC and PDC tissue was localized in the cytoplasm and both nucleus and cytoplasm: 83.33% (5 out of 6 cases) and 91.66% (11 out of 12 cases) respectively. On the other hand, we noticed that patient age and gender could have a relation with ClC-3 chloride channel expression; 30- to 60-year-old males showed more expression.

CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated a high frequency of ClC-3 chloride channel overexpression and subcellular localization differences in MDC and PDC tissue, suggesting a specific role of ClC-3 chloride channel in the pathogenesis of chondrosarcoma.

Keywords: Chloride Channels, Chondrosarcoma, Immunohistochemistry, Tissue Array Analysis, Adolescent, Age Factors, Sex Characteristics, young adult

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750