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23 February 2017 : Case report  Japan

Progressive Ischemic Stroke due to Thyroid Storm-Associated Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Challenging differential diagnosis, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis), Rare coexistence of disease or pathology

Natsumi Tanabe1DEF, Eiji Hiraoka1DEF, Masataka Hoshino2E, Gautam A. Deshpande3E, Kana Sawada4E, Yasuhiro Norisue5E, Jumpei Tsukuda5E, Toshihiko Suzuki6E

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.902297

Am J Case Rep 2017; 18:194-197

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but fatal complication of hyperthyroidism that is induced by the hypercoagulable state of thyrotoxicosis. Although it is frequently difficult to diagnose CVT promptly, it is important to consider it in the differential diagnosis when a hyperthyroid patient presents with atypical neurologic symptoms.

CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old Japanese female with unremarkable medical history came in with thyroid storm and multiple progressive ischemic stroke identified at another hospital. Treatment for thyroid storm with beta-blocker, glucocorticoid, and potassium iodide-iodine was started and MR venography was performed on hospital day 3 for further evaluation of her progressive ischemic stroke. The MRI showed CVT, and anticoagulation therapy, in addition to the anti-thyroid agents, was initiated. The patient’s thyroid function was successfully stabilized by hospital day 10 and further progression of CVT was prevented.

CONCLUSIONS: Physicians should consider CVT when a patient presents with atypical course of stroke or with atypical MRI findings such as high intensity area in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping. Not only is an early diagnosis and initiation of anticoagulation important, but identifying and treating the underlying disease is essential to avoid the progression of CVT.

Keywords: Early Diagnosis, Intracranial Thrombosis, Thrombophilia, Thyroid Crisis, Venous Thrombosis

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923