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The aim of this study was the evaluation of fusafungines effect on the morphologic elements of the nasal mucosa inflammatory process. The study group comprised patients chosen randomly who had been treated by their doctors due to acute upper respiratory tract infections. We performed cytology prior to and seven days following fusafungine treatment. Results demonstrated that following fusafungine treatment the percentage of neutrophils diminished and no damage had been done to the mucosal membrane. The study demonstrated that clinical criteria did not always agree with the morphologic picture. The mucosal cytologic evaluation might be helpful in disease diagnosis and in the application of proper treatment.