22 May 2022: Clinical Research
A Retrospective Study from a Single Center of 208 Patients with Unilateral Chronic Subdural Hematoma to Compare Outcomes Following Burr Hole Craniotomy and Hematoma Drainage Within 48 Hours and Between 48 Hours and 5 Days
In-Hyoung Lee 12ABCDEF , Jong-Il Choi 2ADFG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936774
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936774
Table 1 Patient characteristics.
| Early removal (n=100) | Late removal (n=108) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender | 65 (65) | 73 (67.6) | 0.694 |
| Age (y) | 73.73±9.93 | 72.78±10.20 | 0.496 |
| Platelet count (×10/μL) | 231.50±95.29 | 224.35±93.59 | 0.586 |
| INR | 1.1±0.17 | 1.1±0.19 | 0.942 |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension | 30 (30) | 32 (29.6) | 0.954 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15 (15) | 20 (18.5) | 0.500 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 7 (7) | 8 (7.4) | 0.910 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 16 (16) | 13 (12) | 0.412 |
| Liver disease | 6 (6) | 9 (8.3) | 0.518 |
| Pulmonary disease | 6 (6) | 4 (3.7) | 0.442 |
| History of stroke | 14 (14) | 16 (14.8) | 0.868 |
| Malignancy | 8 (8) | 7 (6.5) | 0.674 |
| Antiplatelet use | 25 (25) | 26 (24.1) | 0.877 |
| Anticoagulant use | 11 (11) | 10 (9.3) | 0.679 |
| History of head trauma | 62 (62) | 66 (61.1) | 0.896 |
| Preoperative clinical symptoms* | |||
| IICP signs** | 53 (53) | 59 (54.6) | 0.815 |
| Hemiparesis | 46 (46) | 47 (43.5) | 0.721 |
| Gait disturbance | 33 (33) | 35 (32.4) | 0.928 |
| Cognitive impairment | 33 (33) | 32 (29.6) | 0.602 |
| Dysphasia | 24 (24) | 27 (25) | 0.868 |
| Seizure | 3 (3) | 3 (2.8) | 0.924 |
| Preoperative GCS score | 13.92±1.74 | 13.82±1.66 | 0.685 |
| mRS at admission | 2.81±1.26 | 2.83±1.27 | 0.895 |
| Radiological features | |||
| Preoperative HV (mL) | 150.34±38.26 | 151.67±34.87 | 0.794 |
| Maximal hematoma thickness (mm) | 23.93±4.16 | 24.04±3.72 | 0.844 |
| MLS (mm) | 9.42±3.15 | 9.50±2.93 | 0.853 |
| CSDH laterality | 0.559 | ||
| Right | 45 (45) | 53 (49.1) | |
| Left | 55 (55) | 55 (50.9) | |
| CSDH density | 0.502 | ||
| Hypodense | 19 (19) | 19 (17.6) | |
| Isodense | 23 (23) | 19 (17.6) | |
| Mixed | 43 (43) | 53 (49.1) | |
| Hyperdense | 15 (15) | 17 (15.7) | |
| No. of burr hole | 0.920 | ||
| Single | 66 (66) | 72 (66.7) | |
| Double | 34 (34) | 36 (33.3) | |
| Duration of drain placement (d) | 1.66±0.48 | 3.68±0.69 | |
| Total drainage volume (mL) | 138.15±79.54 | 217.25±89.73 | |
| Data are presented as means±standard deviations (ranges) or numbers (%). * Patients often present multiple clinical symptoms. ** IICP signs include headache, nausea, or vomiting. Boldface font indicates statistical significance. INR – international normalized ratio; IICP – increased intracranial pressure; GCS – Glasgow Coma Scale; mRS – modified Rankin scale; HV – hematoma volume; MLS – midline shift; CSDH – chronic subdural hematoma; No. – number. | |||