10 May 2021: Clinical Research
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Language Following Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy Primed with Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation in 13 Patients with Post-Stroke Aphasia
Jane B. Allendorfer 1BCDEF* , Rodolphe Nenert 1BCDE , Sangeeta Nair 1CDE , Jennifer Vannest 2ABDE , Jerzy P. Szaflarski 13ABCDEFGDOI: 10.12659/MSM.930100
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930100
Table 2 Performance variables for the study participants over time.
| Variable | T1 (n=13) | T2 (n=13) | T3 (n=12) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Token Test | 23.69 (12.74) | 23.85 (12.72) | 26.5 (12.64) |
| BNT | 34.31 (15.32),*** | 40.38 (15.76),*** | 39.08 (14.47)#,^ |
| SFT | 17.46 (10.75) | 18.08 (9.00) | 19.58 (8.69) |
| COWAT | 6.62 (5.19) | 6.77 (4.80) | 7.83 (4.93) |
| Complex Ideation | 6.31 (3.5)+ | 6.62 (3.82) | 7.17 (2.79)+ |
| PPVT | 182.69 (26.68) | 180.00 (29.69) | 189.92 (15.08) |
| WAB-R Aphasia Quotient | 69.45 (25.72) | 69.62 (24.35)* | 75.24 (22.12)* |
| WAB-R Apraxia Total | 52.38 (10.40),+ | 55.15 (7.14)* | 56.33 (5.31)+ |
| Mini-CALa | 49.46 (11.01),+ | 48.83 (14.31) | 54.67 (8.50),+ |
| fMRI Verb Generation Task (15 trials each),,b | |||
| Correct trials for “say verbs” | 1.73 (3.07)B | 1.50 (2.76),C | 1.27 (2.57),A |
| Non-verb words for “say verbs” | 13.09 (14.50),,B | 13.5 (4.93),C | 13.27 (10.17),A |
| Correct trials for “repeat nouns” | 7.91 (5.47)B | 10.30 (5.01),C | 9.00 (5.74),A |
| fMRI Verbal Paired Associates Task (30 trials each),,b | |||
| Correct trials for “read” | 18.90 (10.90)C | 21.75 (7.09)D | 22.33 (9.54) |
| Correct trials for “generate” | 8.30 (7.83)C | 11.25 (7.36),D | 9.75 (6.97)# |
| Post-scan Recognition Memory (30 trials each)f | |||
| Correct memory for “read” | 18.38 (5.27) | 17.18 (7.833),B | 17.50 (6.88)+ |
| Correct memory for “generate” | 13.85 (5.90)+, ++ | 16.00 (5.93),B | 15.92 (5.48)++ |
| Scores reported as mean (SD) for each variable. BNT – Boston Naming Test; SFT – Semantic Fluency Test; COWAT – Controlled Oral Word Association Test; PPVT – Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test; WAB-R – Western Aphasia Battery-Revised; Mini-CAL – Mini-Communicative Activity Log; fMRI – functional magnetic resonance imaging. A Missing data for 1 subjects; B Missing data for 2 subjects; C Missing data for 3 subjects; D Missing data for 5 subjects; a Missing data of 1 subject for paired analysis (T1 vs T2; T2 vs T3); b Missing data of 5 subjects for paired analysis of verb generation task (T1 vs T2) and verbal paired associates task (T2 vs T3); c Missing data of 4 subjects for paired analysis (T2 vs T3); d Missing data of 3 subjects for paired analysis (T1 vs T3); e Missing data of 7 subjects for paired analysis (T1 vs T2); F Missing data of 2 subjects for paired analysis (T1 vs T2; T2 vs T3). +, ++ Non-normal distribution determined using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality (p * p ** p *** p #, ^ 0.05≤p | |||