25 April 2021: Clinical Research
Predicting the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) or Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) Surgery: Development and Assessment of a Nomogram Prediction Model
Yi Du ABCDEFG , Xiu-Zhe Wang ABFG , Wei-Dong Wu ABCDE* , Hai-Peng Shi ABC , Xiao-Jing Yang CD , Wen-Jing Wu BC , Shu-Xian Chen EFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.929791
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929791
Table 1 Characteristics of the study populations.
| Variables | Total (N=292) | No AKI (N=234) | AKI (N=58) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age,year | 61.2±13.2 | 59.4±13.1 | 68.3±11.5 | p |
| Sex, Male | 161 [55.1%] | 140 [59.8%] | 21 [36.2%] | p |
| Operation | p | |||
| PCI | 206 [70.5%] | 180 [76.9%] | 26 [44.8%] | |
| CPB | 86 [29.5%] | 54 [23.1%] | 32 [55.2%] | |
| BMI, kg/m | 27.7±2.4 | 27.4±2.3 | 29±2.3 | p |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 80.9±11.3 | 79.7±9.9 | 86±14.9 | p |
| Hypertension | 128 [43.8%] | 103 [44%] | 25 [43.1%] | 0.981 |
| Diabetes | 59 [20.2%] | 49 [20.9%] | 10 [17.2%] | 0.941 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 173 [59.2%] | 145 [62%] | 28 [48.3%] | 0.307 |
| Cerebral vascular accident | 17 [5.8%] | 12 [5.1%] | 5 [8.6%] | 0.793 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary diease | 6 [2.1%] | 5 [2.1%] | 1 [1.7%] | 0.921 |
| Congestive heart failure | 98 [33.6%] | 71 [30.3%] | 27 [46.6%] | 0.140 |
| Beta-blockers | 87 [29.8%] | 72 [30.8%] | 15 [25.9%] | 0.911 |
| Angiotensinaldosterone system antagonists | 98 [33.6%] | 84 [35.9%] | 14 [24.1%] | 0.410 |
| Diuretics | 87 [29.8%] | 72 [30.8%] | 15 [25.9%] | 0.841 |
| White blood cell count, ×10/L | 11.3±4 | 10.7±3.6 | 13.5±4.5 | p |
| Platelet count, ×10/L | 235.8±48.6 | 238.9±44.1 | 223.4±62.6 | p |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 1±0.4 | 1±0.3 | 1.1±0.4 | 0.286 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.8±2 | 14.2±1.8 | 12.5±2 | p |
| Hemoglobin A1c,% | 6.9±2 | 6.9±2.1 | 7±1.9 | 0.43 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.8±2.8 | 5.5±2.6 | 7±3.4 | p |
| CKE-EPI stage | 0.247 | |||
| Stage I | 76 [26%] | 64 [27.4%] | 12 [20.7%] | |
| Stage II | 114 [39%] | 88 [37.6%] | 26 [44.8%] | |
| Stage III | 91 [31.2%] | 77 [32.9%] | 14 [24.1%] | |
| Stage IV | 11 [3.8%] | 5 [2.1%] | 6 [10.3%] | |
| PI kidney cortex (dB) | 13.4±3.6 | 13.9±3.6 | 11.3±3.1 | p |
| PI Kidney with mass (dB) | 12.3±2.7 | 12.8±2.6 | 10.4±2.2 | p |
| Values are mean±SD, median [interquartile range], or number of patients (%). AKI – acute kidney injury; CKD-EPI – Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration. | ||||