Urachal Carcinoma: Are Lymphadenectomy and Umbilectomy Necessary?

22 September 2020: Clinical Research

Zhuo Jia ^ABCDEF* , Xiao Chang ^ABCD* , Xing Li ^BC , Baojun Wang ^AE , Xu Zhang ^AF*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.927913

Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e927913

Table 1 Staging system for urachal cancer.

Stage	Sheldon staging system		Mayo staging system	TNM staging system
I	Tumor is limited to the urachal mucosa		Tumor is confined to the urachus or bladder	Tumor invades the subepithelial connective tissue
II	Invasion into but not beyond the urachal muscular layer		Extension beyond the muscular layer of the urachus or bladder	Invasion of the muscular layer of the urachus or bladder
III	IIIA	Local extension to the bladder	Metastasis to regional lymph nodes	Invasion of the perivesical soft tissue, prostate, uterus, or vagina
	IIIB	Local extension to abdominal wall
	IIIC	Invasion of the peritoneum
	IIID	Invasion of the local viscera other than the bladder
IV	IVA	Metastases to lymph nodes	Metastases to non-regional lymph nodes or other distant sites	Invasion of the abdominal wall and metastases to lymph nodes or other distant sites
IV	IVB	Distant metastases