10 October 2020: Clinical Research
A Nomogram for Prediction of Survival in Patients After Gastrectomy Within Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS): A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Yuqi Sun 1DE , Zequn Li 1A , Xiaodong Liu 1AF , Shougen Cao 1CD , Xuechao Liu 1C , Chuan Hu 2F , Yulong Tian 1AD , Jianfei Xu 1E , Daosheng Wang 1G , Xin Zhou 1F , Yanbing Zhou 1AG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.926347
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926347
Table 2 Patient and tumor characteristics in the training and validation cohorts.
| Characteristic | Training cohort (n=529) | Validation cohort (n=196) |
|---|---|---|
| Mean±SD/No (%) | Mean±SD/No (%) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 375 (70.9) | 144 (73.5) |
| Female | 154 (29.1) | 52 (26.5) |
| Age (years) | ||
| ≤62 | 249 (47.1) | 97 (49.5) |
| >62 | 280 (52.9) | 99 (50.5) |
| BMI | ||
| ≤25 | 352 (66.5) | 124 (63.3) |
| >25 | 177 (33.5) | 72 (36.7) |
| ASA classification | ||
| I | 23 (4.3) | 8 (4.1) |
| II | 363 (68.6) | 134 (68.4) |
| III | 143 (27.0) | 54 (27.6) |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 56 (10.6) | 20 (10.2) |
| Heart disease | 123 (23.2) | 42 (21.4) |
| COPD | 17 (3.2) | 7 (3.6) |
| Hepatitis | 4 (0.8) | 2 (1.0) |
| No comorbidity | 329 (62.2) | 125 (63.8) |
| Tumor size | ||
| ≤3 | 219 (41.4) | 89 (45.4) |
| 3–5 | 147 (27.8) | 65 (33.2) |
| >5 | 163 (30.8) | 42 (21.4) |
| Tumor location | ||
| Cardia/fundus | 53 (10.0) | 19 (9.7) |
| Body | 90 (17.0) | 40 (20.4) |
| Antrum/pylorus | 386 (73.0) | 137 (69.9) |
| Tumor differentiation | ||
| Well | 28 (5.3) | 10 (5.1) |
| Moderate | 81 (15.3) | 31 (15.8) |
| Poor | 420 (79.4) | 155 (79.1) |
| Borrmann type | ||
| I | 59 (11.2) | 24 (12.2) |
| II | 139 (26.3) | 51 (26.0) |
| III | 309 (58.4) | 116 (59.2) |
| IV | 22 (4.2) | 5 (2.6) |
| GI reconstruction | ||
| Billroth-I | 338 (63.9) | 125 (63.8) |
| Billroth-II | 128 (24.2) | 40 (20.4) |
| Roux-en-Y | 63 (11.9) | 31 (15.8) |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion | ||
| Yes | 38 (7.2) | 13 (6.6) |
| No | 491 (92.8) | 183 (93.4) |
| Surgical approach | ||
| Laparoscopic | 67 (12.7) | 32 (16.3) |
| Open | 462 (87.3) | 164 (83.7) |
| Gastrectomy type | ||
| Total gastrectomy | 50 (9.5) | 17 (8.7) |
| Subtotal gastrectomy | 479 (90.5) | 179 (91.3) |
| Extent of LN dissection | ||
| D2 | 378 (71.5) | 141 (71.9) |
| D2+ | 151 (28.5) | 55 (28.1) |
| Depth of invasion | ||
| T1 | 120 (22.7) | 46 (23.5) |
| T2 | 78 (14.7) | 21 (10.7) |
| T3 | 182 (34.4) | 83 (42.3) |
| T4a | 137 (25.9) | 40 (20.4) |
| T4b | 12 (2.3) | 6 (3.1) |
| Number of positive LN | ||
| N0 | 236 (44.6) | 84 (42.9) |
| N1 | 94 (17.8) | 19 (9.7) |
| N2 | 100 (18.9) | 27 (13.8) |
| N3a | 78 (14.7) | 50 (25.5) |
| N3b | 21 (4.0) | 16 (8.2) |
| Total LN (Mean±SD) | 30.3±11.3 | 31.0±12.5 |
| AJCC pTNM stage* | ||
| I | 161 (30.4) | 47 (24.0) |
| II | 128 (24.2) | 64 (32.7) |
| III | 240 (45.4) | 85 (43.4) |
| Perioperative malnutrition | ||
| Yes | 362 (68.4) | 127 (64.8) |
| No | 167 (31.6) | 69 (35.2) |
| Complications | ||
| Yes | 87 (16.4) | 29 (14.8) |
| No | 442 (83.6) | 167 (85.2) |
| Postoperative chemotherapy | ||
| Yes | 246 (46.5) | 95 (48.5) |
| No | 283 (53.5) | 101 (51.5) |
| * The 8 AJCC classification criteria. | ||