20 November 2020: Clinical Research
The Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Case-Control Study from a Single Center in Beijing, China
Wei Qin 1ABCDE , Jiangmei Yin 2BCDF , Lei Yang 1BCF , Shuna Yang 1BF , Yue Li 1CE , Xuanting Li 1EG , Wenli Hu 1E*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.925703
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925703
Table 6 Comparison of the characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among groups according to basal ganglia enlarged perivascular space (BG-EPVS) burden.
| Characteristics | BG-EPVS 1 (N=71) | BG-EPVS 2 (N=14) | BG-EPVS 3 (N=22) | BG-EPVS 4 (N=18) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71 (60, 78) | 70 (64, 73) | 76 (66, 80) | 71 (68, 81) | 0.195 |
| Male, n (%) | 44 (62.0) | 10 (71.4) | 14 (63.6) | 14 (77.8) | 0.605 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 29 (40.8) | 6 (42.9) | 9 (40.9) | 13 (72.2) | 0.110 |
| DM, n (%) | 14 (19.7) | 2 (14.3) | 5 (22.7) | 4 (22.2) | 0.927 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 4 (5.6) | 1 (7.1) | 2 (9.1) | 5 (27.8) | 0.048 |
| History of CHD, n (%) | 7 (9.9) | 2 (14.3) | 3 (13.6) | 2 (11.1) | 0.890 |
| Alcoholism, n (%) | 13 (18.3) | 1 (7.1) | 4 (18.2) | 3 (16.7) | 0.827 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 44 (62.0) | 12 (85.7) | 12 (54.5) | 9 (50.0) | 0.177 |
| HbA1c,% | 5.80 (4.90, 7.00) | 6.17 (4.88, 6.96) | 5.30 (5.00, 6.00) | 5.30 (4.68, 5.85) | 0.186 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.35±0.86 | 4.26±1.00 | 4.23±0.75 | 3.98±0.67 | 0.420 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.30±0.37 | 1.08±0.37 | 1.19±0.35 | 1.19±0.41 | 0.179 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.48±0.72 | 2.61±1.01 | 2.46±0.67 | 2.47±0.73 | 0.931 |
| ESR, mmol/L | 19.28±21.11 | 13.41±10.79 | 15.86±14.26 | 25.06±25.87 | 0.353 |
| ALP, mmol/L | 87.67±34.18 | 90.93±21.67 | 92.18±25.28 | 90.78±23.89 | 0.921 |
| Cr, mmol/L | 76.25±33.88 | 68.32±17.56 | 75.66±20.35 | 80.43±21.55 | 0.702 |
| CRP, mmol/L | 2.75±4.39 | 62.24±4.16 | 1.63±3.43 | 3.53±5.12 | 0.552 |
| COPD grade, n (%) | 0.459 | ||||
| GOLD 1 | 34 (47.9) | 4 (28.6) | 6 (27.3) | 10 (55.6) | |
| GOLD 2 | 24 (33.8) | 6 (42.9) | 11 (50.0) | 5 (27.8) | |
| GOLD 3 | 13 (18.3) | 4 (28.6) | 5 (22.7) | 3 (16.7) | |
| GOLD 4, | – | – | – | – | |
| Duration of COPD, years | 10 (3,20) | 20 (5, 33) | 15 (10, 40) | 10 (2, 20) | 0.067 |
| Data are presented as mean±standard deviation, median (interquartile range) or counts (%). BG-EPVS – basal ganglia enlarged perivascular spaces; DM – diabetes mellitus; CHD – coronary heart disease; HbA1c – glycosylated hemoglobin; TC – total cholesterol; LDL-C – low density lipoprotein cholesterol; ESR – erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HDL-C – high density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALP – alkaline phosphatase; Cr – creatinine; CRP – C-reactive protein; GOLD – global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease; COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | |||||