07 August 2020: Clinical Research
Risk Factors for Severe Complications After Laparoscopic Surgery for T3 or T4 Rectal Cancer for Chinese Patients: Experience from a Single Center
Li Chuan Liang 1ACE , Dong Liang Liu 1B , Shao Jun Liu 2C , Lei Hu 2F , Yi Ren He 2D , Xiao Wan 2BF , Liu Liu 1AG* , Zhi Qiang Zhu 1E*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.920604
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920604
Table 1 Clavien-Dindo scale for definition of severe complication.
| Clavien-Dindo classification | |
|---|---|
| Grade I | Any deviation from the normal postoperative course without the need for pharmacological treatment or surgical, endoscopic and radiological interventions. Appropriate treatments are allowed: antiemetics, antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, electrolytes, and physical therapy. Wound infections that are open at the bed are also part of this class |
| Grade II | Requiring pharmacological treatment with drugs other than such allowed for grade I complications. Including need for blood transfusions and total parenteral nutrition |
| Grade III | Requires surgery, endoscopy or radiological intervention |
| Grade IIIa | Intervention not under general anesthesia |
| Grade IIIb | Intervention under general anesthesia |
| Grade IV | Life-threatening complication (including CNS complications) and requiring IC/ICU-management |
| Grade IVa | Single organ dysfunction (including dialysis) |
| Grade IVb | Multiple organ dysfunction |
| Grade V | Death |