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21 January 2020 : Clinical Research  

Add-On Effects of Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Data from a Real-World Registered Study in China

Siliang Man12ABCDEF, Xiaojian Ji1ABCDEF, Yiwen Wang1ABCD, Yingpei Ma1BCD, Zhengyuan Hu1ABCD, Jian Zhu1AF, Jianglin Zhang1AG, Feng Huang1ABCDEFG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.921055

Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921055

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) on patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using real-world data, and to analyze patients’ choices of csDMARDs and reasons for discontinuation.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational study included 320 patients satisfying the modified New York criteria for AS. Patients were grouped according to medication: Group 1: 122 patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) monotherapy; Group 2: 198 patients receiving csDMARDs and NSAIDs. Patients were followed for 18 months at 6-month intervals. The change in AS Disease Activity Score and C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP) at each visit was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were based on validated disease activity questionnaires, clinical assessment, and acute-phase biomarkers (CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]). Inter-group relationships were assessed across the 18-month follow-up period using generalized additive mixed models.

RESULTS: Sulfasalazine and thalidomide were the most commonly used csDMARDs, with cumulative use times of 8.9±4.1 months and 9.1±4.7 months, respectively. In Group 2, 56 patients discontinued or switched csDMARDs during the follow-up period, with lack of efficacy being the primary reason. The ASDAS-CRP was found to decrease significantly in both groups; however, improvements in many parameters (including ASDAS-CRP, disease activity questionnaires and ESR) were greater in Group 2.

CONCLUSIONS: Use of csDMARDs can improve disease activity in terms of ASDAS-CRP. The addition of csDMARDs may provide increased benefits compared with NSAID monotherapy, particularly in the reduction of AS disease activity, in the Chinese population.

Keywords: Antirheumatic Agents, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, sulfasalazine, thalidomide, Blood Sedimentation, C-Reactive Protein, Disease Progression, Registries, Severity of Illness Index, Surveys and Questionnaires

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750