26 February 2020 : Clinical Research
Correlation Between Sex and Facial Soft Tissue Characteristics Among Young Saudi Patients with Various Orthodontic Skeletal Malocclusions
Nancy Ajwa1ABCDEF*, Fatimah Ahmed Alkhars2BD, Fasaiel Habeeb AlMubarak2BD, Huda Aldajani2B, Noor Mahdi AlAli2AB, Amani Habib Alhanabbi2BD, Sukaina Abdulladel Alsulaiman2B, Darshan Devang Divakar3BDOI: 10.12659/MSM.919771
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919771
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a debate over the influence of sex on facial soft tissue physiognomies. Therefore, the present study used teleradiographs to assess and compare the soft tissue physiognomies between males and females in a sample from Saudi Arabia who have various orthodontic malocclusions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We obtained 221 lateral cephalometric radiographs taken from orthodontic clinics of patients ages 16–26 years (114 males and 107 females) living in the central and eastern regions of Saudi Arabia. OnyxCeph3TM digital software was used to analyze the dentoskeletal classification of the sample as class I (n=84), class II division 1 (n=42), class II division 2 (n=33), and class III (n=62). Burstone analysis of 6 linear measurements for facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) was used. We used descriptive analysis and the independent-samples t test using SPSS version 25 for Windows (Chicago, IL) with p<0.05 set as the level of statistical significance.
RESULTS: Male patients with a class I dento-skeletal relationship showed thicker FSTT; the most significant thickness was seen near the glabella, followed by the upper/lower lip and sub-labiomental sulcus areas. Male patients with class II division 1 showed a substantial difference in FSTT at subnasal, lower lip, and sub-labiomental sulcus areas. No significant difference in FSTT was found between males and females among class II division 2 and class III patients.
CONCLUSIONS: These observations of significant changes in facial structures of Saudis between males and females should be of great help for diagnosis of orthodontic cases in Saudi adults.
Keywords: Cephalometry, Orthodontics, Radiography, Dual-Energy Scanned Projection, Adolescent, Anatomic Landmarks, Face, Lip, malocclusion, Malocclusion, Angle Class II, Radiography, Saudi Arabia, Sex Characteristics, young adult
Editorial
01 April 2024 : Editorial
Editorial: Forty Years of Waiting for Prevention and Cure of HIV Infection – Ongoing Challenges and Hopes for Vaccine Development and Overcoming Antiretroviral Drug ResistanceDOI: 10.12659/MSM.944600
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944600
In Press
05 Mar 2024 : Clinical Research
Role of Critical Shoulder Angle in Degenerative Type Rotator Cuff Tears: A Turkish Cohort StudyMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943703
06 Mar 2024 : Clinical Research
Comparison of Outcomes between Single-Level and Double-Level Corpectomy in Thoracolumbar Reconstruction: A ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943797
21 Mar 2024 : Meta-Analysis
Economic Evaluation of COVID-19 Screening Tests and Surveillance Strategies in Low-Income, Middle-Income, a...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943863
10 Apr 2024 : Clinical Research
Predicting Acute Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19: Insights from a Specialized Cardiac Referral Dep...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942612
Most Viewed Current Articles
17 Jan 2024 : Review article
Vaccination Guidelines for Pregnant Women: Addressing COVID-19 and the Omicron VariantDOI :10.12659/MSM.942799
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942799
14 Dec 2022 : Clinical Research
Prevalence and Variability of Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Patients with Elevated Tryptase LevelsDOI :10.12659/MSM.937990
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937990
16 May 2023 : Clinical Research
Electrophysiological Testing for an Auditory Processing Disorder and Reading Performance in 54 School Stude...DOI :10.12659/MSM.940387
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940387
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952