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23 October 2019 : Clinical Research  

Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Recurrence/Anal Fistula Formation Following Initial Operation for Anorectal Abscess

Dan Lu12ABE, Linyuan Lu1ABE, Bo Cao3BC, Yunfei Li4BCE, Yongqing Cao1CD, Zhi Li3CD, Ziming Wang3DE, Jingen Lu1AG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.917836

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7942-7950

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The association between body mass index (BMI) and recurrence of anorectal abscess remains controversial. This study investigated the exact relationship between BMI and anorectal abscess recurrence or anal fistula formation following initial surgery.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective registry-based study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine. Patients treated for anorectal abscess from 01/2015 to 03/2016 were included. Clinical data and time to recurrence were recorded. The Cox regression model was used to estimate the association between BMI and recurrence.

RESULTS: A total of 790 patients were operated on during the study period. The average age of the participants was 38.3±11.6 years, and 83.2% were male. Median follow-up was 27 (range, 1–38) months. Compared with the low BMI (range, 15.7–22.8 kg/m²) patients, the high BMI (range, 26.0–40.6 kg/m²) patients showed higher risk of recurrence (HR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.15–2.67). In the non-adjusted model, high BMI was found to be positively correlated with recurrence (HR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.10–2.40, P=0.02), and a stronger association was found in the fully adjusted model (HR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.15–2.67, P=0.01). BMI was also used as a continuous variable for sensitivity analysis, and a similar trend was observed (P=0.01 for trend).

CONCLUSIONS: Elevated BMI is an independent risk factor of anorectal abscess recurrence and for increased risk of abscess recurrence or anal fistula formation.

Keywords: Body Mass Index, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Abscess, Proportional Hazards Models, Rectal Fistula, young adult

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750