Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genetic defects are commonly observed in infertile males, although the majority of cases remain idiopathic. In recent years, the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and male infertility has received increasing attention. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) using ligase detection reaction (LDR)–PCR.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed and we screened 4 ACE SNPs (rs4316, rs4331, rs4343, and rs4362) in 121 NOA cases and 256 control subjects by LDR–PCR. The relationship between SNPs and NOA was analyzed.

RESULTS: ACE SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P=0.089 for rs4331, P=0.089 for rs4343, P=0.089 for rs4316, and P=0.381 for rs4362). The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the 4 SNPs were not significantly different between cases and controls (P=0.123 for rs4331, P=0.123 for rs4343, P=0.123 for rs4316, and P=0.179 for rs4362). Haplotype analysis showed the existence of 3 haplotypes, TGAC, CAGT, and TGAT, which showed statistical significance of 0.889, 0.889, and 0.781, respectively, between cases and controls.

CONCLUSIONS: No significant association was found between ACE SNPs rs4316, rs4331, rs4343, or rs4362 and NOA in the Chinese Han population of Northeast China.

Keywords: azoospermia, Infertility, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Alleles, Asians, Case-Control Studies, China, ethnicity, Gene Frequency, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Haplotypes, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Middle Aged, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Retrospective Studies