04 June 2019 : Animal Research
Role of Phosphorylated AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in Myocardial Insulin Resistance After Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery in Dogs
Deng-Shen Zhang1ABCDEFG, Gui-You Liang1ADG*, Da-Xing Liu1BDF, Jie Yu2BCD, Feng Wang1DEFDOI: 10.12659/MSM.916517
Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:4149-4158
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in myocardial insulin resistance after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in dogs.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four mongrel dogs were randomly assigned to 4 groups. The control group did not undergo aortic cross-clamping; the model group underwent 60 mins of aortic cross-clamping with 150 ml cardioplegic solution. The treatment group, the inhibition group respectively with 0.11mg/kg AICAR (AMPK agonist) in 150 ml cardioplegic solution and 0.11mg/kg Compound C (AMPK inhibitor) in 150 ml cardioplegic solution. The blood flow was determined and left ventricular myocardial tissue were taken at pre-bypass, 15, 60, and 90 min after aorta declamping, respectively. Expression of AMPK mRNA, p-AMPK and GLUT-4 proteins was determined by RT-PCR, IHC and WB.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, receiving 60 min ischemia at 15 min after reperfusion, Myocardial Glucose Extraction Ratio were significantly decreased in the other 3 groups, it was significantly decreased from 20.0% to 1.2% at 60 min of reperfusion, and recovered to 6.1% after 90 min reperfusion in model group, while recovered to 4.1%, 12.0% after 90 min reperfusion respectively exposed to Compound C and AICAR. The expressions of p-AMPK, GLUT-4 protein and AMPK mRNA in myocardium were decreased in different experiment groups, but these changes occurred to a lesser extent in the treatment group.
CONCLUSIONS: The inability of GLUT-4 expression induced by the decreases in p-AMPK protein expression that may be one of the reasons for myocardial insulin resistance.
Keywords: Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Insulin Resistance, Myocardial Reperfusion Injury, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, Aminoimidazole Carboxamide, Cardioplegic Solutions, Coronary Artery Disease, Dogs, Glucose, Glucose Transporter Type 4, Heart Ventricles, Ischemia, Myocardial Ischemia, Myocardial Reperfusion, Myocardium, Phosphorylation, Pyrazoles, Pyrimidines, Ribonucleotides
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