15 May 2019 : Clinical Research
Isolated Decompression for Transverse Sacral Fractures with Cauda Equina Syndrome
Pengyu Li1A, Daodi Qiu1A, Hongbiao Shi1B, Wenhao Song1C, Chunhui Wang1C, Zhen Qiu1D, Chuang Zhao1D, Dongsheng Zhou1F*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.916483
Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3583-3590
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of isolated decompression for patients with transverse sacral fractures and cauda equina syndrome, which have been rarely reported before.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve neurological impaired patients with transverse sacral fracture from January 2010 to March 2017 treated in our institution were evaluated. All patients went through isolated decompression and were followed for a minimum of 12 months. Fracture causes, classifications, associated injury, radiologic results, clinical outcomes using the Majeed index, and neurological outcomes using the Gibbons criteria were evaluated.
RESULTS: Motor vehicle accidents and falling injuries were the major causes of trauma. The average time from trauma to surgery was 89.8 days. Eleven patients underwent laminectomy with no more than 3 segments resected and 1 patient had S1-S4 excised. Three patients with fracture involving the lumbopelvic joint had L5 laminectomy. All patients achieved bony union, with 7 patients (63.6%) showing satisfactory pelvic outcome. Average Gibbons scores improved from 2.8 to 1.9 at 18-month average follow-up, but most patients were left with residual pain. No surgical-related complications were seen in any patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Isolated decompression can be considered for patients who present a stable sacrum with non-displaced fracture or an old fracture that shows fracture healing. Favorable pelvic outcomes and neurological recovery, along with acceptable stability, can be acquired.
Keywords: Decompression, Surgical, Fracture Healing, Polyradiculopathy, Adolescent, Cauda equina syndrome, Fracture Fixation, Internal, Fractures, Bone, Laminectomy, Neurosurgical Procedures, Sacrococcygeal Region, Sacrum, Spinal Fractures
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