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03 September 2019 : Review article  

Non-Cirrhotic Liver is Associated with Poor Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Literature Review

Yan Liu1ABCDEFG, Hao Li2BCDEF, Nan Ye3EF, Cheng-Jun Luo1EF, Ye-Yu Hu4B, Hao Wu5ABCDEF*, Jian-Ping Gong6AF

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.915722

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6615-6623

Abstract

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequently reported malignancy, and it is also the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although most HCC cases have been reported to develop from cirrhosis, accumulating data suggest that HCC is also closely related to non-cirrhotic chronic liver disease. Traditionally, HCC was thought to develop mostly from cirrhosis; however, an increasing number of reports have found that HCC can develop directly from inflammation without cirrhosis. The incidence of HCC in non-cirrhotic liver (HCC-NCL) is high, especially in developed countries. Studies have found that the most common cause of HCC-NCL is neglected fatty liver disease. This type of HCC has unique clinical characteristics and is closely related to metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, the prevention of HCC-NCL has not received enough attention worldwide, and there is also a lack of specific screening methods and clinical guidelines. This article mainly reviews the etiology, incidence, clinical characteristics, and screening markers of HCC-NCL to improve the understanding and prevention of this disease.

Keywords: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Epidemiologic Factors, Liver Cirrhosis, Biomarkers, Tumor, Liver Neoplasms

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Editorial

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750