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09 May 2019 : Animal Research  

Therapeutic Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Ileal Transposition on Type 2 Diabetes in a Non-Obese Rat Model by Regulating Blood Glucose and Reducing Ghrelin Levels

Hui Wang1BCDEF, Xinxin Fa2BCDF, Wei Qu2BCDF, Jindong Fu2ABCDEFG*, Kaiyun Fan1BCF, Jinxian Liu2BCF, Feng Li3BF

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.913705

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3417-3424

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, more than 170 million patients suffer from diabetes mellitus worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and ileal transposition (IT) surgery on the control of diabetes.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Goto-Kakizaki rats were used to establish type 2 diabetes models and undergo SG or IT surgery. At 2 months post-surgery, insulin, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glucose tolerance, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels, and insulin sensitivity were evaluated.

RESULTS: SG significantly shortened operative time and post-operative recovery time compared to IT surgery (P<0.05). SG and IT surgery resulted in significantly induced weight loss, significantly decreased levels of glucose, and significantly enhanced levels of Ghrelin compared the Sham surgery group (P<0.001). SG and IT surgery resulted in significantly increased GLP-1 levels compared to Sham surgery (P<0.001). SG resulted in better reduction of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose compared to IT surgery (P<0.05). SG and IT surgery significantly upregulated insulin tolerance test (ITT) levels compared to Sham surgery (P<0.001). SG induced better reductions in TC and TG compared to IT surgery (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: In non-obese rats with spontaneous diabetes, both SG and IT surgery were found to control diabetes by regulating body weight and levels of glucose, Ghrelin, GLP-1, OGTT glucose, insulin, TC, and TG. Moreover, SG demonstrated advantages of shorter operative time, shorter post-operative recovery time, and better control of diabetes compared to IT surgery.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Gastrectomy, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Transposition of Great Vessels, Anastomosis, Surgical, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Cholesterol, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Ileum, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Rats, Inbred Strains, Weight Loss

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750