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10 January 2019 : Laboratory Research  

Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Against Gram-Negative Rods of the Family Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas Spp. Isolated from Onco-Hematological Patients Hospitalized in a Clinical Hospital in Poland

Olga Saran1ABCEF, Beata Sulik-Tyszka12ACDEF, Grzegorz W. Basak3ACDE, Marta M. Wróblewska12ACDEF*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.913352

Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:305-311

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most common etiological agents of infections in onco-hematological patients are Gram-negative rods resistant to many antimicrobials, including carbapenems. Recently, ceftolozane combined with tazobactam became a novel therapeutic option. The aim of the present study was to analyze the susceptibility to ceftolozane/tazobactam of the clinical strains of these bacteria.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Material comprised rectal swabs, urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from onco-hematological patients hospitalized in a clinical hospital (1050 beds) in Poland. Identification of the isolated bacteria was done by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using the MALDI Biotyper (Bruker). Ceftolozane/tazobactam susceptibility of the isolates was assessed using antimicrobial gradient strips (E-test, BioMérieux). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and interpretation of the results was done according to the current recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST).

RESULTS: In total, 281 rectal swabs and 116 urine samples were tested for the presence of Gram-negative rods producing ESBL, and 531 rectal swabs and 8 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were tested for the presence of Gram-negative rods resistant to carbapenems. In the analyzed period, 69 non-repetitive strains of bacteria were isolated that were in the spectrum of activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam. Among 44 clinical strains of ESBL(+) Enterobacteriaceae rods, 76% were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam. All 9 strains of non-carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa resistant or with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam.

CONCLUSIONS: Ceftolozane/tazobactam may be an option in the therapy of infections caused by ESBL(+) strains of Enterobacteriaceae as well as non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa.

Keywords: Carbapenems, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Anti-Infective Agents, cephalosporins, Cross Infection, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Drug Therapy, Combination, Hospitals, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Patients, Poland, Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas Infections, Tazobactam

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750