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20 December 2018 : Clinical Research  

Association of High Prolactin Level on Postoperative Day 1 and Tumor Invasion with Female Gonadal Dysfunction After Trans-Sphenoidal Surgery of Pituitary Adenomas

Xinmei Huang1ABCE, Rui Zhang1BCF, Yueyue Wu1BCD, Li Sheng1B, Jiong Xu1B, Bingbing Zha1F, Jun Liu1ACEG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.910348

Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: CLR9265-9271

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of gonadal dysfunction among Chinese women of reproductive age with pituitary adenomas (PAs) after trans-sphenoidal surgery.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 317 women (16–44 years old) who underwent gonadal function and hormone testing before and after trans-sphenoidal surgery for PAs during 2003–2012. Gonadal function was assessed on the basis of menstrual status.

RESULTS: Three women were excluded because of pre-existing gynecological diseases. Before trans-sphenoidal surgery, 34 (10.7%) women were eugonadal and 283 (89.3%) women had gonadal dysfunction. After trans-sphenoidal surgery, 130/189 (68.7%) women with follow-up menstruation data were eugonadal, and 59/189 (31.2%) women exhibited gonadal dysfunction. In addition, 67.4% women of reproductive age with PAs and gonadal dysfunction were restored by trans-sphenoidal surgery (P<0.01). Postoperative gonadal dysfunction was independently associated with high prolactin level at day 1 after trans-sphenoidal surgery (odds ratio (OR)=1.024; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.005–1.043; P=0.012) and tumor invasion (OR=5.752; 95%CI=1.618–20.447; P<0.01). Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, prediction of gonadal dysfunction in women of reproductive age after trans-sphenoidal surgery for PAs using prolactin >46.82 µg/L on postoperative day 1 had sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value of 98%, and negative predictive value of 76%, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.701.

CONCLUSIONS: Gonadal dysfunction is very common in Chinese women of reproductive age with PAs and can be effectively restored by trans-sphenoidal surgery. Prolactin >46.82 µg/L at 1 day after trans-sphenoidal surgery and tumor invasion can predict postoperative gonadal dysfunction in these patients.

Keywords: Gonadal Disorders, Pituitary Neoplasms, Risk Factors

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750