05 September 2018 : Laboratory Research
Calycosin, a Phytoestrogen Isoflavone, Induces Apoptosis of Estrogen Receptor-Positive MG-63 Osteosarcoma Cells via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/AKT/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway
Haitao Sun1DFG, Mengfan Yin2BCD, Weiqing Qian3CD, Hong Yin4AEG*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.910201
Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: LBR6178-6186
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy and often presents at an early age. Calycosin is a phytoestrogen isoflavone, which has previously been reported to inhibit tumor cell growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calycosin on apoptosis of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative human osteosarcoma cell lines and tumor xenografts in mice.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cultured ER-positive MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells and ER-negative U2-OS human osteosarcoma cells were treated with increasing doses of calycosin (0, 25, 50, and 100 μm). Cell viability and apoptosis were studied by an MTT assay and flow cytometry. Western blot measured the expression levels of the apoptosis-related protein p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR in MG-63 cells, with and without pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, the AKT inhibitor, MK-2206, or the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin. MG-63 tumor-bearing nude mice were used to evaluate the effects of treatment with calycosin.
RESULTS: Calycosin treatment inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in MG-63 cells, but had no effect on U2-0S cells. In MG-63 cells, calycosin treatment increased the expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins; inhibitor assays showed that expression of the PI3K protein was most strongly associated with the antitumor effects of calycosin. In the nude mouse MG-63 tumor xenografts, calycosin inhibited tumor growth and regulated the expression levels of apoptosis-related PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins.
CONCLUSIONS: The phytoestrogen, calycosin, induced apoptosis of cells of the ER-positive osteosarcoma cell line, MG-63, via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, with these effects being mainly due to PI3K.
Keywords: Estrogen Receptor alpha
Editorial
01 May 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Cardiovascular Complications at One Year After SARS-CoV-2 Infection are Independent of Underlying Cardiovascular Risk Factors or Severity of COVID-19DOI: 10.12659/MSM.937048
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937048
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
24 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Screening for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Students at the Medical University of Warsaw, Poland Between November...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936962
04 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Effects of Wearing Face Masks on Exercise Capacity and Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold in Healthy Subjects ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936069
27 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Factors Associated with Falls During Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936547
25 May 2022 : Meta-Analysis
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Levels in People Under Age 18 Years: A Systematic Review...Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935823
In Press
27 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Integrated Liver Inflammatory Score in Patients with Hepatocellular...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.937005
25 May 2022 : Review article
Narrative Review of the Mechanism of Hip Prosthesis Dislocation and Methods to Reduce the Risk of DislocationMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.935665
24 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Remimazolam Tosilate Sedation with Adjuvant Sufentanil in Chinese Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Undergoing ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936580
24 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Screening for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Students at the Medical University of Warsaw, Poland Between November...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936962
Most Viewed Current Articles
30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379
08 Mar 2022 : Review article
A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292
01 Nov 2020 : Review article
Long-Term Respiratory and Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19DOI :10.12659/MSM.928996
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e928996
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952