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22 September 2018 : Clinical Research  

Antihypertensive Therapy in the Acute Phase of Lacunar Infarcts

Guanghui Zhang1DE*, Pin Meng1B, Zhenwei Guo1BF, Na Liu1BE, Niu Ji1BF, Xiaomin Li1D, Shan Geng1C, Mingli He1AG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.910183

Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: CLR6688-6694

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The optimal medical regimen for managing hypertension during acute phase of lacunar infarcts has not yet been clarified in real world setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate blood pressure lowering regimens on neurological progression and clinical outcomes during the acute phase of lacunar infarcts.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this study, 411 patients with first-episode lacunar infarcts and hypertension within 24 hours of symptom onset were included. All patients received antihypertension therapies, with different regimens, as well as routine medication during first 7 days after onset. There were 6 proposed antihypertensive treatments: calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), β-blocker (β-B), and diuretic drug (DD) alone or in combination. Neurological progression was defined as worsening by ≥1 point in the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for motor function. The outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS): favorable outcome (mRS of 0–1) or unfavorable outcome (mRS 2–5).

RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that combination therapy with CCB, ACEI/ARB, and β-B exhibited the lowest risk of deterioration (OR=0.48, P=0.019) and unfavorable outcomes (OR=0.50, P=0.022). Similarly, combination therapy with CCB, ACEI/ARB, and DD exhibited lower risk of deterioration (OR=0.63, P=0.033) and unfavorable outcome (OR=0.77, P=0.042) at 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS: Rational blood pressure lowering was beneficial to the functional outcomes of patients during acute phase of lacunar infarcts, and combination therapy was better than mono-drug therapy.

Keywords: Blood Pressure, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Stroke, Lacunar

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750