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04 May 2018 : Case report  Kuwait

Total Gastric Necrosis Due to Mucormycosis: A Rare Case of Gastric Perforation

Challenging differential diagnosis, Management of emergency care, Rare disease, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)

Salah Termos1AE*, Feras Othman1B, Mohammad Alali1CG, Bader M.S. Al Bader1D, Talal Alkhadher1FG, Wael Fathi Hassanaiah1AG, Ali Taqi1AF, Abhijit Sapkal2F

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.908952

Am J Case Rep 2018; 19:527-533

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous gastric perforation is usually a complication of peptic ulcer disease, or a postoperative complication resulting from gastric torsion. Mucormycosis (or zygomycosis) is an uncommon opportunistic fungal infection that is usually seen in immunocompromised patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This report is of a rare case of spontaneous gastric perforation due to mucormycosis infection.

CASE REPORT: A 52-year-old woman, with a past medical history of heroin abuse, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease treated by dialysis, presented to the emergency department with cellulitis of the arms. Following hospital admission, her medical condition deteriorated, and she developed septic shock and multiorgan failure, requiring transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU), where she was diagnosed with a perforated hollow viscus as the cause. Surgical exploration showed that the mucosa of the stomach was necrotic and perforated, but the remaining bowel appeared normal. Total gastrectomy was performed, and a jejunostomy feeding tube was inserted. Histopathology of the gastric tissue confirmed infection with mucormycosis. The patient was treated with adjunctive liposomal amphotericin B, her condition improved, and she was extubated on postoperative day 2. However, the patient died on postoperative day 21 due to sepsis and multiorgan failure.

CONCLUSIONS: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic angioinvasive fungal infection, and gastric perforation is a rare clinical presentation. However, knowledge of the association between gastric necrosis and perforation and mucormycosis infection might lead to early diagnosis and treatment and reduce patient morbidity and mortality.

Keywords: amphotericin B, Gastrectomy, mucormycosis, Necrosis, Stomach Rupture

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923