Apparent Diffusion Coefficient to Subdivide Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Magnetic Resonance Imaging (BI-RADS-MRI) Category 4 Lesions

BACKGROUND: This study aims to subdivide BI-RADS-MRI (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Category 4 lesions and to evaluate the role of Fischer’s scoring system, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and Fischer’s + ADC in differential diagnosis of breast lesions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 143 patients (150 breast lesions), who were diagnosed by biopsy, and received dynamic contrast enhancement and diffusion-weighted imaging. The diagnostic efficacies of ADC, Fischer’s scoring system, and the Fischer’s + ADC were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristics curve. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Fischer’s scoring system and the Fischer’s + ADC were used to subdivide BI-RADS Category 4 breast lesions.
RESULTS: ADC value was negatively correlated with the tumor grade. The AUC of Fischer’s + ADC (0.949) was significantly higher than that of ADC (0.855) and Fischer’s (0.912) (P=0.0008 and 0.001, respectively). Scored by Fischer’s scoring system, Category 4 and 5 indicated a likely malignant threshold with sensitivity and specificity of 98.70% and 65.75%, respectively. Scored by the Fischer’s + ADC method, Category 4B and 4C indicated a likely malignant threshold with sensitivity of 97.40% and specificity of 82.19%. Kappa values were 0.63 (ADC), 0.65 (Fischer’s), and 0.80 (Fischer’s + ADC), respectively. The positive predictive value of BI-RADS 4A, 4B, and 4C were 7.69%, 52.38% and 89.29%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Fischer’s scoring system combined with ADC could reasonably subdivide Category 4 breast lesions with high specificity and sensitivity.

Keywords: Breast, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging