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13 December 2016 : Original article  

Increased Incidence of Thrombotic Microangiopathy After ABO-Incompatible Living Donor Liver Transplantation

Norihiro Kishida1ACE, Masahiro Shinoda1ACE*, Osamu Itano1BF, Hideaki Obara1BF, Minoru Kitago1BF, Taizo Hibi1BF, Hiroshi Yagi1BF, Yuta Abe1BF, Kentaro Matsubara1BF, Masanori Odaira1BF, Minoru Tanabe2A, Motohide Shimazu3A, Yuko Kitagawa1A

DOI: 10.12659/AOT.900915

Ann Transplant 2016; 21:755-764

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a severe life-threatening complication associated with solid organ transplantation. We retrospectively investigated the incidence, risk factors, and appropriate treatment of TMA following adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The subjects were 129 adult patients who underwent LDLT in our department from 1997 to 2014. Patients with TMA were identified retrospectively based on diagnostic criteria. We calculated the incidence of TMA and performed a risk factor analysis for TMA occurrence. We also assessed our past treatments for TMA and sought to identify the most appropriate form of treatment.

RESULTS: Thirteen patients were identified as having TMA. The incidence of TMA in the study cohort was 10.1% but was especially high (37.9%) among ABO-incompatible cases. A univariate analysis revealed that ABO incompatibility, usage of tacrolimus, usage of rituximab, and cold ischemic time ≥50 minutes are risk factors for occurrence of TMA (p<0.10). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that ABO incompatibility was the only independent risk factor for TMA (p=0.009). Initiation of treatment on the day of TMA diagnosis was associated with better survival.

CONCLUSIONS: ABO incompatibility is an independent risk factor for TMA following adult LDLT. Our results suggest that early initiation of treatment is crucial for improving the outcomes.

Keywords: Liver Transplantation, Living Donors, Plasma Exchange, Thrombotic Microangiopathies

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Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358
Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358