29 January 2009
Burden and etiology of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in a hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia: 1993-2005
Jaffar A. Al-TawfiqABCDEF, Abbas AbuKhamsinABCMed Sci Monit 2009; 15(2): PI10-14 :: ID: 869537
Abstract
Background
In the Middle East, some evidence suggests marked declines in cases of H. influenzae type b infection where conjugate vaccines were introduced. This study examined the causative agents of bacterial meningitis in Saudi Arabia over time in both children and adults.
Material and Method
From January 1993 to December 2005 there was a total 179 cases of meningitis, of which 63 (35.2%) were bacterial meningitis, 37 (20.7%) partially treated, and 79 (44.1%) which were considered viral in origin.
Results
The annual incidence rates of bacterial meningitis were 0.48-2.8 per 100,000 population, with an overall insignificant decline over the study period (P=0.8). There were 37 males and 26 females (ratio: 1.4:1) with an age range of <1 month to 72 years and a median age of 2 years. Of the total number of patients, 22.2% (n=14) were 1-23 months and 39.7% (n=25) were 2-18 years of age. The causative organisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae (35%, n=22), Haemophilus influenzae type b (22.2%, n=14), Neisseria meningitides (15.9%, n=10), Group B streptococci (7.9%, n=5), and 19% (n=12) were other organisms. Of H. influenzae type b cases, 57% (n=8) were in children one year of age and 78.6% (n=11) were in the years 1993-1999. The rates of H. influenzae meningitis cases in the periods of 1993-1999 and 2000-2005 were 4.2 and 1.2 per 100,000 population, respectively.
Conclusions
There was a drop in the number of cases of H. influenzae type b, but it was not statistically significant, and might be related to the small sample size.
Keywords: Saudi Arabia - epidemiology, Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification, Neisseria meningitidis - isolation & purification, Meningitis, Bacterial - etiology, Incidence, Hospitals, Haemophilus influenzae - isolation & purification, Community-Acquired Infections - microbiology, Child, Preschool, Child, Age Distribution, Adolescent
Editorial
01 May 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Cardiovascular Complications at One Year After SARS-CoV-2 Infection are Independent of Underlying Cardiovascular Risk Factors or Severity of COVID-19DOI: 10.12659/MSM.937048
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937048
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
16 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Importance of Influenza Anti-Hemagglutinin Antibodies During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the 2019/2020 Epide...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936495
04 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Effects of Wearing Face Masks on Exercise Capacity and Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold in Healthy Subjects ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936069
22 April 2022 : Clinical Research
Factors Associated with Falls During Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936547
27 April 2022 : Meta-Analysis
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Levels in People Under Age 18 Years: A Systematic Review...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.935823
In Press
18 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Physical and Psychosocial Concept Domains Related to Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) in 50 Girls and ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936801
18 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Association Between Variants of the Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Gene and Susceptibility to Sepsis in the Haina...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936134
17 May 2022 : Clinical Research
Clinical Application of C-TIRADS Category and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Differential Diagnosis of Sol...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936368
17 May 2022 : Laboratory Research
Artificial Dermal Scaffold Loaded with Platelet-Rich Plasma Promotes Wound Healing in Pigs by Favoring Angi...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936186
Most Viewed Current Articles
30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379
08 Mar 2022 : Review article
A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292
01 Nov 2020 : Review article
Long-Term Respiratory and Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19DOI :10.12659/MSM.928996
Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e928996
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952