Background: Results regarding the association between a-adducin (ADD1) gene and essential hypertension (EH) risk remain inconsistent. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to investigate this association.
Material and Methods: We comprehensively searched published literature from PubMed and Embase. All studies analyzing the association between ADD1 Gly460Trp polymorphism and EH risk were included. Fixed- or random-effects model was used to calculate pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: Data synthesis showed an increased risk of EH in T allele variant carriers with Asian descent, for GG vs. TT (OR=0.750, 95%CI: 0.585–0.960; P=0.022), recessive model (OR=1.196, 95%CI: 1.009–1.418; P=0.039), dominant model (OR=0.826, 95%CI: 0.693–0.985; P=0.033), and allelic model (OR=0.859, 95%CI: 0.756–0.964; P=0.01), respectively. However, no statistical differences were observed in Blacks and Caucasians.
Conclusions: The findings showed the association of the T allele in ADD1 gene with EH susceptibility in Asians. However, well-designed studies involving gene-gene and gene-environment interactions should be considered in future.

Keywords: Calmodulin-Binding Proteins - genetics, Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics, Humans, Hypertension - genetics, Models, Statistical, Odds Ratio, Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics, PubMed