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12 October 2014 : Review article  

Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: Current Developments in Mechanism and Prevention

Wei WangABCDEF, Yan WangABCDEF, Haibo WuABDF, Liming LeiABDF, Shiqin XuDFG, Xiaofeng ShenDEF, Xirong GuoDEF, Rong ShenDEF, Xiaoqiong XiaABCDEF, Yusheng LiuABCDEF, Fuzhou WangABCDEFG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.892485

Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:1908-1912

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a subtle disorder of thought processes, which may influence isolated domains of cognition and has a significant impact on patient health. The reported incidence of POCD varies enormously due to lack of formal criteria for the assessment and diagnosis of POCD. The significant risk factors of developing POCD mainly include larger and more invasive operations, duration of anesthesia, advanced age, history of alcohol abuse, use of anticholinergic medications, and other factors. The release of cytokines due to the systemic stress response caused by anesthesia and surgical procedures might induce the changes of brain function and be involved in the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The strategies for management of POCD should be a multimodal approach involving close cooperation between the anesthesiologist, surgeon, geriatricians, and family members to promote early rehabilitation and avoid loss of independence in these patients.

Keywords: Cognition Disorders - prevention & control, Incidence, Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750