Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of conservative treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux.
Material/Methods: Material included 179 children aged 1-15. Methods included voiding cystography in all the patients. Normal result of the examination was assumed as the regression of reflux.
Results: Conservative treatment resulted in the regression of 58%; of I°-IV° refluxes.
Conclusions:     The most significant factors determining the efficacy of conservative treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux are: reflux grade and child's age at diagnosis.

Keywords: children, spontaneous regression, conservative treatment, Vesicoureteral reflux